In execution of this agreement, the Mint of Vienna delivered to the Italian mint the dies reproducing this coin. 1371 of 1936, the Italian government regulated the circulation of the Conventionsthaler of Maria Theresa in the territories of Italian East Africa, providing that these coins, traditionally used as commodity-currency for exchanges, could be changed by the Bank of Italy, without time limits, at an Italian lira rate to be established periodically by the governors.Īfter the failure of the negotiations with Austria, regarding the possibility of reconstituting the thalers of Maria Theresa, conducted in various forms after the First World War, and given the Italian needs following the failure of the issue of the Eritrean Thaler ( ) before, and after the Thaler of Italy ( ), afterward, the Italian government resumed negotiations with the Austrian government directly and managed to conclude an agreement, signed on 9 July 1935, reflecting the sale of the exclusive right to the Italian government for 25 years to strike and put Maria Theresa's thalers into circulation. Wien 1984Īs a result of the Royal Legislative Decree No. "Lexicon of the Maria Theresien Taler 1780". It remains in circulation to this day in conflict areas in the Middle East and Africa. Also known as the Levant dollar, it also circulated as trade coinage in the Arab world (especially in Saudi Arabia, the Yemen, Syria, Muscat, and Oman), in Africa (especially in Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, and Mozambique), in India and Indonesia. The word "dollar" is derived from the German word "Thaler/Taler".
Some variations are very rare, with 10 pieces or less being known to exist.Īlong with the Spanish 8 Reales coin, it was the basis of the silver dollar which was adopted by the then-fledgling United States under the Mint Act of 1792. Subtle differences in design, style, and lettering allow determining at least partly the date and the mint. There are over 150 different major variants, and virtually all dies produced before 1850 had minor differences. As of 2019, it is still sold by the Vienna mint It is estimated that until 2000, 389 million pieces were minted. It has been continuously minted in various mints around the world: Birmingham, Bombay, Brussels, London, Paris, Rome, and Utrecht, in addition to the Habsburg mints in Günzburg, Hall, Karlsburg, Kremnica, Milan, Prague, and Vienna. Since the death of Maria Theresa in 1780, the coin has always been dated 1780. It was the circulating currency of the Holy Roman Empire and its dominions and it was one of the most important trade coins in Europe and the world. The Maria Theresa Thaler was originally struck in Austria between 17. The fine silver content was of one-tenth of a Cologne mark (5 Vienna marks = 6 Cologne marks).ĪSW. The Maria Theresa Thaler follows the Conventionsthaler standard of 1750, with a gross weight of one-tenth of a Vienna mark of silver, 5/6 fine. Royal Mint (Tower Hill), London, United Kingdom (1810-1975) Kremnica / Körmöcbánya / Kremnitz, Slovakia (1328-date) Kolkata / Calcutta / Murshidabad, India (1757-date) EdgeĪlba Iulia / Karlsburg / Weißenburg / Gyulafehérvár, Romania ReverseĬoat of arms of Maria Theresia on double-crowned shield divided into four fields representing Hungary, Bohemia, Burgundy, and Burgau (Günzburg) crowned inner shield with coat of arms of Austria supported by crowned and nimbate double-headed eagle.Īrchidux Austriae, Dux Burgundiae, Comes Tyrolis.Īrchduchess of Austria, duchess of Burgundy, countess of Tyrol. Maria Theresia, by the grace of God, empress of the Romans, queen of Hungary and Bohemia. Maria Theresia, Dei gratia, Romanorum imperatrix, Hungariae, Bohemiae regina.
Gigante, Varese, Italy.īust of Empress Maria Theresia of Habsburg facing right, wearing veil, tiara, and pearl brooch. Gigante 2016 : catalogo nazionale delle monete italiane dal'700 all'Euro (24 th edition).
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